M-type Ba hexaferrites were successfully synthesized by sol-gel method. Several synthesizing factors, such as pH value, citric acid/metal ion ratio, and dispersion agent were mainly discussed. Fine and pure powders of BaFe12O19 were optimally synthesized under the conditions of the pH value is 7 and citricacid/metal ion ratio is 3. The X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrates that no impurity is observed in the synthesized powders after presintered at 450 ℃ and calcinated at 1100 ℃. SEM observations indicate that the size of the synthesized BaFe12O19 powders is small and uniform distribution. It can also be learned from SEM that the co-synthesizing sol-gel method can be in favor ofthe formation of finer particles.